Three questions plus one attached question. ?Need to see the breakdown to get answer to each….
1. A clinical trial is conducted comparing a new pain medication for arthritis.? Participants are randomly assigned to receive the new medication or a placebo.? The outcome is pain relief within 30 minutes.? The data are shown below.
|
Pain Relief |
No Pain Relief |
|
|
New Medication |
44 |
76 |
|
Placebo |
21 |
99 |
Estimate the risk difference in pain relief between treatments
|
= |
Estimate the relative risk in pain relief between treatments
|
= |
Estimate the odds ratio in pain relief between treatments
|
= |
The upper and lower limits of the are shown below
Lower Limit of CI: ____0.41____
Upper Limit of CI: ___1.61_____
Based on the Confidence Interval values which of the following are true?
One can be 95% confident that the true value will be greater than the upper limit.One can be 95% confident that the true value will be greater than the lower limit.One can be 95% confident that the true value will between the upper and lower limit.
- a and b
2. The following data were collected in a clinical trial evaluating a new compound designed to improve wound healing in trauma patients.? The new compound is compared against a placebo.? After treatment for 5 days with the new compound or placebo the extent of wound healing is measured and the data are shown below.
|
Percent Wound Healing |
||||
|
Treatment |
0-25% |
26-50% |
51-75% |
76-100% |
|
New Compound () |
15 |
37 |
32 |
41 |
|
Placebo () |
36 |
45 |
34 |
10 |
Is there a difference in the extent of wound healing by treatment?? (Hint:? Are treatment and the percent wound healing independent?)? Run the appropriate test at a 5% level of significance.
??????????????????? df= ________
?????????????? alpha= ________
?Reject H0 if ?2>________
Compute expected frequencies
Expected Frequency = (Row Total * Column Total)/N.
Complete the expected frequencies for each cell.
|
Percent Wound Healing |
Total |
||||
|
Treatment |
0-25% |
26-50% |
51-75% |
76-100% |
|
|
New Compound |
15 ( ??) |
37 ( ??) |
32 ( ??) |
41 ( ??) |
125 |
|
Placebo |
36 (? ?) |
45 ( ??) |
34 ( ??) |
10 ( ??) |
125 |
|
Total |
51 |
82 |
66 |
51 |
250 |
Compute? ?2.
???????????? ?2= ________
Based on comparing the computed ?2 to the rejection level ?2 which of the following is (are) true?
- We have statistically significant evidence at .05 to show that H0 is false.
- Treatment and percent wound healing are not independent.
- Treatment and percent wound healing are independent.
- a and b.
3. A clinical trial is conducted comparing a new pain reliever for arthritis to a placebo.? Participants are randomly assigned to receive the new treatment or a placebo and the outcome is pain relief within 30 minutes.? The data are shown below.
|
Pain Relief |
No Pain Relief |
|
|
New Medication |
44 |
76 |
|
Placebo |
21 |
99 |
Is there a significant difference in the proportions of patients reporting pain relief?? Run the test at a 5% level of significance.
Reject H0 if Z <? ________ ?or if Z > ________
alpha= ________
?= ________
?= ________
??= ________
??Z ??= ________
Based on comparing the computed z to the rejection level z which of the following is (are) true?
- We have statistically significant evidence at .05 to show that H0 is false.
- We have statistically significant evidence at .05 to show that there a significant difference in the proportions of patients reporting pain relief.
- We do not have statistically significant evidence at .05 to show there a significant difference in the proportions of patients reporting pain relief.
- a and b